Combination charge-forming apparatus



Aug. 6, 1929.

G. KUKOVAC COMB I NAT I ON CHARGE FORMING APPARATUS Filed April 26. 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 DRAIN I INVENTOR,

TFORXEYJ Aug. 6, 1929. a. KUKOVAC COMBINATION CHARGE FORMING APPARATUS Filed April 26. 1928 5 Shee.tsSheet 2 INVEN TOR. @mye .Zwoz/aa BY ATTORNEYS 8- 6, 1929. G. KUKOVAC COMBINATION CHARGE FORMING APPARATUS Filed April 26. 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. Geofyefukoz/ao.

A TTORA'EYS s: KUKOVAC 1,723,184

"COMBINATION CHARGE FORMING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Aug. 6, 1929.

Filed April 26. 1928 l NVEN TOR.

George Zuiozfldc.

A TTORNEYS Aug. 6, 1929.

G. .KUKOVAC COMBINATION CHARGE FORMING APPARATUS Filed April 26, 1928 5 SheetsSheet 5 INL ENTO Georyefuko a0,

v: A TTORA'EYS lll Patented Aug. 5, i929.

PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE KUKQVAC, 9F CHICAGO, ,ILZLINQIS.

COMBINATION CHARGE-FORMING MPAHJMKUB,

Application filed April 26,

This invention relates to combination charge forming apparatus for internal combustion engines, and the primary object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of this kind through the use of which an internal combustion engine may be most efliciently operated to secure maximum power and economy of fuel. I

A more specific object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of the above kind embodying a carbureter, and means for utilising the heat within the crank case of the (ngine for heating and partially vaporizing the liquid fuel in its passage from the float chamber of the carburetorto the contact space of the latter Where the fuel is mixed with air to form the explosive charge.

Still another object is to provide means for utilizing the heat of the lubricating oil in the engine crank case for heating the fuel and maintaining it in heated and partly vaporized condition when passing from the float chamber of the carburetor to the con.- tact space of the letter.

A further object is to provide a charge forming apparatus charactei'ized as specified HDOVQ, and wherein means is provided for supplying oil vapors from the cranlr case of the engine to the contactspace of the carbu r'eter so as to form a part of the explosive charges supplied from the contact space of the carhureter to the engine cylinders.

Yet another object is to provide a charge forming apparatus of the above kind which is simple in construction and Well adapted for ready installation upon conventional internal combustion engines.

Further objects will appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, and the same consists in the novel form. combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, shown in the accompanying drawings and claimed.

in the draWings:

Figure l is a fragmentary central vertical transverse section of an internal comlinstion engine equipped with a charge forming apparatus embodying the present invention; Figure 2 is a horizontal section taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1, to reveal details of construction of the carburetor;

l igrure 3 is a similar View taken on line 3-3 of FIQ'HIG 1; Figure 4 is a still further similar view taken on line 4-4 of Figure 1.; Figure 5 1s a vertical section taken on line of Figure 1, drawn on an enlarged 1928. Serial m. 212,960.

scale; Figure 6 is an enlarged horizontal section on line 6-6 of Figure 1; Figure it is an enlarged perspective view showing the lever for operatively connecting the float of the carburetor with the valve for controlling the flow of fuel into the float chamber: Figure 8 is an enlarged pers ective view of the valve for controlling the l 0W of fuel into the float chamber; Figure 9 is a fragmentary view partly in elevation and partly in vertical section substantially on line 9-9 of Figure 1; Figure 10 is an enlarged fragmentar 1 horizontal section taken on line 1010 of Figure 1 Figure 11 is a top plan view or the unit forming part of the means for subjecting the fuel to the heat of the oil in the engine crank case and for supplying oil vapors from. the engine crank case to the contact space of the carburetor; Figure 12 is an enlarged elevational view showing the clamping sleeve employed in installing the apparatus in connection with the crank case of the engine; Figure 13 is a transverse section on. line l 3l3 of Figure 12; Figure id is an elevational view of the slotted shell and strainer screen of the carburetor; Figure 15 is a central vertical section thereof; Figure 16 is an enlarged fragmentary side elevation of the air inlet pipe of the carhureter; Figure l? an end elevation of the seat for the fuel inlet float valve; and Figure 18 is a central longitudinal section of said valve seat.

Referring more in detail to the drawings, the present invention embodies a carburetor proper consisting of a float chamber or bowl 5 having an upper fuel inlet connection 6 at one side into Which is threaded one end of an elbow 7 whose other end is adapted for connection With a fuel supply pipe, not shown. The connection 6 has an inwardly projecting extension provided with a bottom port adapted to register with similar ports in the elbow 7 and in a detachable valve seat threaded in the inner end of the latter, as generally indicated at 8 in Figure 1. Depending from the inner end of the inner extension of the connection 6 .is a vertical partition 9, and formed at the bottom of the adjacent side of the howl 5 is a depression 10 into which the partition 9 partly projects to form a trap chamber 11 into Which the fuel is supplied from the inlet connection 6. The partition 9 extends entirely across the trap chamber 11 so that the fuel must pass under the lower edge of the partition in entering Ell mugly ills s eeve Elie sleeve 40, soul in lliis "way the liquid fuel is illiOWEil pose from the chamber 152 of the bowl 5 inoo the pee sage 39 oi numerous points entirely about the Sillil o'lliec rcls ilie feel may find its way within the sleeve in; numeious poinis entirely about lilo scucl 2% so as to ultimately and readily find its way llie sage 39 even though different portions oi. the strainer sci-eon 41 may become plugge fi Willi sediment which it is uclopcedlo catch. This insures proper straining of the fuel slioulc sedimenc noi; foe enlirely trapped in l-lie cliunibcr 11 on should the letter be allowed to accumulate on excessive uniounc off secli meet or foreign molten further p seen-e extends longil" no.1 y of and entirely through llie stud so us to open at ils upper @2161 into clic con tech space 23 and. no its lower end eliz'ougli lilQ bottom of llie stud shown in inc 1. A sulluble valve seat is provided in- 7 Volvo which extends upwardly through a Sldlllll oer; all

on of the covei;

lop oi the hollow pllli', 2? and has suitable llfill- (lie or lingo; r; l outside of and 'oloove the portion 2'! convenient inonipulolion and adjustment of the valve l3. This valve 43 is aclopteo regnleibe lshe volume of fuel supplied to la-lie contact space 25 es will lelei become opponent,

The invention incline? empoilics o zoolotivcly long return loenl; lube the legs which are curved oncl in adjacent relation and the inleifinecliole portion of "which is "formed or locnc lo provide n heating coil l? disposed Within the crank case Q8 of llie engine 29 below the level of the lubricating oil in the smell: case. @ne end of else lube 46 is connected with the lower end of the passage 39, While the other eml oi the lube i6 is connected will the lower end of the passage 42 until it is thus apparent um llie liquid fuel supplied ii-om the chamber l2 of the carburetor bowl 5 will be con-(looted through the tube 46 from she passage 39 to the passage 4% and then into the contact space 23, the fuel lacing heated and partly vaporized in passing through the coil 4&7 Which is submerged in the heated lubricating oil in the crank case 18. The major portion. of the tube 46 extends longitudinally of and Within a curved pipe one end of which enters the bottom of the monk case 48 and terminates in upwiu'dly projecting inletpower c i ilisese brunch inlets 5O llll above the level of line intern Clli7i1 3;.0ll in it crank cuse genemicil line creel: cuse one scion coniiuci'eil from lilie upper portion {lie cz-unlc case through. clie pipe ell) info a fin-flier longitudinal pessuge 53 pro /ideal onlii'ciy iluougli she s 'uil 24- ic other end. of the pipe is llioi'eioi conceal enl c ntiee ecl lo Zlie lower end of one 1) ssoge 53 end lilo lilillill' puss go is provided ul; its uppei encl Willi e leiciul outlet 5 which opens into llie contact space The oil n ions from the ci'enl: 3S conci o the conteel; splice being mixed Willi. ilie fuel and sup licil lo the engine cylinders. A suit able needle Volvo is disposedv ocijocenl, the needle Valve uincl ussocielecl with 1% seal; the upper encl of lilo passage 53 for reguinning the flow of vapors 123cm the letter into llie conflict space 23, in being understood that these vupoi's are drawn into the confine; space by suction in the some well known mennee that me fuel umi sir are drown into suiol con em: space, when the engine is placed into opeiulion. A tubular jacket 56 encases the pipe ezml lube 46 except the coil portion ii-'2: and inlet branches 5%, and one end of this jecliel, is suilo'oly coupled as at 57 to the pro lower end or? zlie sled 24 to provide a linicl 'ziglil; joint, hile the other end ofthe jacket is some to line bottom of the cr'enli: case l8 es al- 58 lo provide a fluid tight con-- neclion and felon conimun icelions lecween the int-onion oi; ilie crank case arid the interior of the jacket 56. In practice, the cerloureler proper is suitably mounted beside the engine 29 oloove llie level of lllG lubricating oil in the crank cuse end iliis lubricating oil is adopted; to enter and fill llio jacket 56 so as to utilize the Warmth of lhe lubricating oil in said jacket 56 for maintaining the fuel encl vapors passing through the tube 46 anal The clamping sleeve 59* is provided with plurality of slots 61 to efioccl passage for the lubricating oil fromthe crank case 48 into like jacket 56. p e

As indicated; in Fig. 1 end clearly shown in Figure 9, the jacket 56, pipe 49; and tube 46 orelocuted with respect in the crank case case {18 so that the coil 47 is ,clisposed clirectly beneath the partition 62 Whiclifcarries the main center crank shaft bearing 63 of the engine, while; the branch inlets project "upwardly at opposite sides of the partition a masses 62 between the latter and the adjacent cranks 6d of the crank shaft. By this arrangement, a most desirable instillation is had Without interfering with the operation of the crank 64 and so that the vapors are ell'ectively derived from the top of the crank case at both sides of the partition 62 at a zone Where the greatest heat is encountered. This benefit is also derived by the similar location of the coil l7.

ln operation, the fuel is drawn from the chamber 12 through the tube 46 into the contact space 23, thereby passing through the coil 47 and being partly vaporized and heated. lhe operation of the engine causes suction in the contact space 23 for eiifecting this action in a Well known manner, and this suction simultaneously causes vapors to be Withdrawn from the top of thecrank case through the pipe 49 into the contact space 23, along with fresh air which enters the air inlet 26. The air, oil vapors and heated and vaporized fuel are delivered together in proper proportions within the contact space 23, thereby forming explosive char es which are conducted to the engine cylinders from the outlet pipe 28. Due to the nature of the constituent parts of the explosive charges and the condition in which they are comingled, a most thorough mixing of said constituent parts is insured after final mining operation effected by the impellers 37 and 38. Moreover, the heating and partial vaporization of the fuel and the additional supply of crank case vapors insures economical and ellicient operation of the engine, the explosive charges being in a condition for instantaneous i nition when admitted in the engine cylin ers. The construction is extremely simple and furnishes such protective nature as to insure continued faultless operation under ordinary conditions oi use, while ample provision is made for facilitating assembly or separation of parts for renewal, repair or cleaning.

A valve is provided to controlthe volume of air admitted through the inlet pipe 26, a lever 71 being provided to permit inanual closing of said valve, and a spring 72 being associated with the lever '71 to norreally yieldingly turn the valve to open position. Stop means 73 limits swinging ozl leverZl to a position wherein the valve 7% is fully open.

While I have shown and described a preferred embodiment of the invention which has given satisfactory results in service, it is nevertheless" be understood that minor changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. v j ,What I claim as. new is 2- 1. The combination with a carbureter having a contact space provided with air and fuel inlet-s, a float chamber provided with a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet, and the crank case of an internal combustion engine, of a tube to conduct the fuel from said fuel outlet of the float chamber to said fuel inlet of the contact space and having a portion "forming a heating coil adapted tobe submerged in the body of lubricating oil in the crank case of the internal combustion engine, and means including a pipe encasing the major portion of said tube for conducting oil vapors from the engine crank case to said contact space.

2. The combination with a carburetor having a contact space provided with air and fuel inlets, a float chamber provided. with a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet, and the case of an internal combustion engine, ot a tube to conduct the fuel from said fuel outlet of the fioat chamber to said fuel inlet proper having a contact space provided with air and fuel inlets, a float chamber provided with a, fuelinlet and a fuel outlet, and the crank case of an internal combustion engine, a member having passages forming said fuel outlet of the float chamber and said fuel inlet of the contact space, a tubular jacket coupled at one end to said member and adapted for communicating connection at.

its other end with the crank case or the internal combustion engine to be filled with lubricating oil] from the latter, and a tube extending through said jacket for conduc ing the fuel from the fuel outlet of the float chamber to the fuel inlet of the contact space. I

4. In a charge forming apparatus for internal combustion engines, a carburetor proper having a contact space provided with air and fuel inlets, a float chamber provided witha fuel inlet and a fuel outlet; and the crank case of an internal combustion engine, a member having passages forming said fuel outlet of the float chamber and said fuel inlet of the contact space,'a tubular jacket coupled at one end to said member and adapted for communicating connection at ts other end with the crenlz case or the internal combustion engine to be filled with lubricating oil from the latter, and a tube estending through said jacket 1'01. conduct ing the fuel from the fuel outlet of the float chamber to the fuel inlet or the contact lid iii)

space, saic'i "eec'ii'ese portion disposed. outside o1: said. oiiier end of the o ning s Toeofa ing co l} adapted to be submeigged the body inbricaing oil iviihis ihe'engine amok case. a

1 s zioiioning; 1 301 ism terns} combustion, engines, 2 esrizmre zer per having :2, oomao space provided A itii 2:511" and fuel inlets, a chemise? 'girovkieci xiii fu inlet and. s. fflfii satiet and the ing passages said fioai; seiei Wei 1 space, tubular jacket Q s one to said GT. communicating mieesion 3,. K s

i the oil ease, i1:

rming s mp? *1 we zmci pipe sxtsi eonciucthag oi see size engine is iemei engines e ez'imureier proper Contact space. piovieieei Wiiii 1 M e fnei inlets, a float cin e1" provides; a, fuel. inlet .ei o e" and email: ease of an inier'ee eombnsi-ien engine, a member having passages foimfuel outlet of tile float chem se? said fuel inlet of the Contact space, a

and Saki tuimiei jacket coupied at one end ssid member and adapted for commimioaemg connection at its other endi W1 5i the monk ease of the internal COYflbHSiZlOE'l engine to be fiiied With lubricating oil from the Better,

iubo extending; through said jacket so!" cow ducting the fuel from the fuel outie't 0f the float chamber to "she fuel inlet of the contact spaoe, said tube having an intemiediete poi-Mon disposed outside of and adjacent said oiiiei end of the jacket and forming a messing coii adapted to be submeegeciin the body 01 iubricating oil Within she engine eisni; case, said member having a stiii furpessog'e forming a vapor imie", for time commas specs, and. s pipe extending through said jacket for eonducting oil vapors from she cmzik ease of the engine to said vapor inlet, said pipe having upwardly p'fGjECil-lfi branch inlets at one end adopted to exseii upwizi'diy thiough and above file level of the so inemziicombusion ems-ins,

oil the engine amok sees ooposise sides of s'iie i coil.

"A7. in a, charge apparatus .81mi, eombussion fiiibm'eiel i ropes having coiitsci space omvided. Wliiifi i an and time! mieiis floss oils oer provided with .i'uei inlet and i ei e'b, the

meek ease of an inteiinei combustion elegme, member having ftormi w semi fuel outlet of she chamber :fsei inie s o1 contact space is mm w. L, L1? imagine so be mieoi .I. I. 4- Q1, we Liner 21 same o1 semen Wifih iubricstmg o1 exeneiine" through.

' "we? is the l Emailing u 0 ace, o i o C' s f2, SZUQ we or eondu moms lies- Y e i crank case oi as is semi moo in? t said. pipe irisv g H w fiiy immoh inlets one 1 so upweniiy iinoizgii she oii the engine @1825 s said eoi'i, said sub-e eci said s emrge formulae :1

szs ci inieis, y rushes gsi ovideci with a iiiei iniei; a, nine entiei, and she crank case an mternei commission engine,

a membee having passages forming said "fuel outiei; of the Host ei smbei" end said iiuei inlet of she contact space, a, tubuisr jacket ooupied one end to said membei and adopted for communicatingconnection its other end with the omni: caseof the iiiizei'nai combustion engine to be iiiied with iuhi'icsting oil from iiie hitter, and #2, tube extending; through saiei jacket for conducting "Tsimfuel from she :fuei oxides of iiie 130st chamber to the fuel iniei; of the contact space, a, rigid "i oi'aminous tube secured about; in spewed; eoncentxrio relation "550 said meme-sir iii-S lifflei outioi, and having strainer semen thereon, N iiii s, mien r1 "us for iniemei oomisiission ,fmes, ezirhm'eiei' proper having a eontseiz sps s-s Wiiiii. sis and fuel iniets, a floss one use? piovidee with a, fuel iniei; and a, fuei email-es, smoi the ems ease oizm intei xmi oomiz ussiim engine a, member having passages IiEDZHliKEQ seioi iiiei omiei', of the floss chambew said fuei iniet of she eomset some a. tuimier "sakes eeuoieei a A I cosine, means including e i at one end so said member and adapted for communicating conneciiion at its other end with on crank case of the internal combustion engine to be filled with lubricating oil from the latter, a. tube extending through said jacket "for conducting the fuel from the fuel outlet of the float clieinberto the fuel inlet oi the contact space, e rigid foraminous tube secured about end in spaced concentric relation to said member and its fuel outlet passage 'and having as strainer screen thereon, and e bowl forming seid float chamber and having a partition and a depression forming a sediment trap clieinber between the ideal chamber end iis incl inlets ll). The combination with csrbnrecer lieving a contact space provided with air and fuel inlets, a fioaib chamber provided Willi a fuel inlet and a, fuel oueleis, end the crank case of an internal combustion engine, of e tube to conduct the fuel from said fuel outlet of the fleet chamber to ssid fuel inlet of the contact specs and leaving a poreion form ng a beating coil adapted to be subin the body lubricecing oil in case of the combustion messes tact space, means for regulating the flow of "fuel into the contact space, and means for regulating the flow of oil vapors into said contact space.

ll. The combineiaion with a carburetor having s, conteci, space provided with air and fuel inlets, float chamber provided with a fuel inlet and fuel outlet, and the crank case of an internal combustion engine, of a tube to conduct the fuel from said fuel outlet of thefioet chamber-to said fuel inlet of the contact space and having a portion forming" a heating coil adapted to be submerged in the body of lubricating oil in the crank case of ihe internal combustion engine, means including a pipe encasing the major portion of said tube for conducting oil vapors from the engine case to said contact space, means for regulating ihe'flow of fuel into the contact space, means for regulating the flow of oil vapors into said cont-act space, and outlet pipe for the contact space, a normally closed suction opened valve controlling the passage of the mixture from the contact space, and suctioncperaied mixing devices in said ouclec pipe.

in testimony whereof l affix; my signature.

KUKGVAC. 

